Infieles / Infidels (DCH)

No. 2025-12

English Abstract: 

This article examines the concept of «infidels» within Hispanic American canon law from the 16th to the 18th centuries, focusing on its application to Indigenous peoples of the Americas. It explores theological and legal distinctions between types of infidelity —culpable and non-culpable— emphasizing the role of «invincible ignorance» as an exculpatory factor for Indigenous populations. Key debates addressed include the implications of the concept of infidelity for the legitimacy of Spanish dominion, evangelization methods, coexistence between Christians and infidels, and the pastoral implications of infidelity. The text demonstrates how canon law adapted medieval categories to the American context, shaping colonial policy and missionary efforts.